Seroprevalence of Viral Transfusion Transmitted Infections (HIV, HBV and HCV) and Their Possible Correlation with ABO and RhD Blood Group Types in Blood Donors at a Tertiary Care Institute in Haryana

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV),Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C virus (HCV) are known to be transmitted through blood and blood products. Many studies have been performed to determine relationship between infectious diseases and blood groups. This study aims to detect the relationship between the HIV, HBV and HCV infections with ABO and Rh D blood groups in Haryana. After blood donation, blood grouping ABO & RhD was done by antigen antibody agglutination test by test tube agglutination method. Both forward (cell grouping) & reverse grouping (serum grouping) method were done. Elisa (Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay) was conducted for anti HIV I & II antibodies, Hepatitis B surface antigen and anti HCV antibodies to detect the prevalence of these viral infections among blood. Among 4231 blood donors, 28(.66 %) were positive for HIV, 128 (3.02%) for HBs Ag and 53 (2.01%) for HCV antibodies (HCVAb). HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C infections were significantly associated with blood group of the donors; overall seropositivity was highest in O positive blood group donors(5.40%) as compared to AB negative donors in which seropositivity was observed nil. When considering ABO blood groups, HIV seropositivity was highest in A blood group donors(.83%), however HBs Ag(3.5%) and HCV(1.33%) seropositivity was highest in O blood donors. The seropositivity was higher among the RhD positive donors(5.08%) as compared to RhD negative (3.33%). There was a significant association between blood group of donors and infections.